Informatics Publishing Limited

V. K. Saxena ¹, Mohan L. Gupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Geothermal Group, National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad -500007, IN

Abstract

Results of chemical analyses of fifteen thermal and cold waters of Godavari valley are reported. Agnigundala (Bhadrachalam) thermal water is of Na-Cl type and the rest are of Na-Ca-HCO₃-SO₄ type. It is likely that the Agnigundala geothermal system is associated with Archaean gneisses and is characterised with a reservoir temperature around 170°C. Other warm waters of the valley show low concentrations of dissolved solids and are similar to those which are associated with sedimentary rocks. It appears that the groundwater after movement to appropriate shallow depth, got heated up to moderate temperature (around 80-90°C). Thereby the basic chemical character of the water has not changed much due to movement, both downward and upward, through the same type of rocks.

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V. K. Saxena ¹

Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500007, IN

Abstract

Gas and water studies on sixteen geothermal manifestations (34-97°C) from four geothermal provinces of India have been used to evaluate the reservoir temperatures. The pH of deep thermal waters and partial pressures of CO₂ gas have been estimated at probable rock-water equilibrium temperatures. Sub-surface temperatures for geothermal manifestations as estimated by gas and silica geothermometers range from 50 to 163°C and show a good correlation.

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S. Sharma ¹, A. K. Saxena ¹, V. K. Saxena ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Breeding Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana -141 004, IN

Abstract

In recent years, consumers have become more conscious about the nutritional quality of foods. High yielding varieties being developed in various crops have drawn the criticism from the consumers on their quality. Besides economic values, the stability and adoption of a food grain variety is determined by its physical, cooking, processing and organoleptic qualities.

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Rajib Deb ¹, D. Ramesh ², V. K. Saxena ¹, E. M. Sadeesh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Animal Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Barielly (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Animal Biochemistry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Barielly (U.P.), IN

Abstract

In recent years, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has emerged as a robust and widely used methodology for biological investigation because it can detect and quantify very small amounts of specific nucleic acid sequences. As a research tool, a major application of this technology is the rapid and accurate assessment of changes in gene expression as a result of physiology, clinical conditions, pathophysiology, or development. This method can be applied to model systems to measure responses to experimental stimuli and to gain insight into potential changes in protein level and function. Thus physiology can be correlated with molecular events to gain a better understanding of biological processes. Thus real-time PCR expands the influence of PCR-based innovations and presents intriguing directions for the future of biomedical sciences (especially molecular diagnostics and molecular physiology) and life science education (Walker, 2002).

Keywords

Real Time PCR, Molecular Technique, Probe.

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